How Calorie-Restrictive Eating Disorders Can Lead to an Underactive Thyroid

Thrive • Jan 02, 2022

By Thrive Reno’s Director of Primary Care Services Becky Barnett, PA-C

THE SMALL BUT MIGHTY THYROID

The butterfly-shaped thyroid gland resides at the base of the throat and is part of the human body’s endocrine system, which produces hormones that impact almost every cell, organ, and function within the body. While tiny, the thyroid gland has big responsibilities. Its role is to regulate vital body functions by releasing hormones into the bloodstream. Thyroid hormones affect the entire body, most notably having a major influence on metabolism, growth, and development. 

MALNOURISHMENT SLOWS THYROID FUNCTIONING

When an individual is experiencing a calorie-restrictive eating disorder such as anorexia nervosa , the thyroid may slow its production and secretion of hormones as a response to lack of nourishment. The decrease in hormones slows the metabolism down in an effort to preserve the body’s energy. When severe starvation occurs, the thyroid gland can atrophy or shrink in size and weaken.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF AN UNDERACTIVE THYROID

Low levels of thyroid hormones (hypothyroidism) can have far-reaching consequences for many of the body’s metabolic-associated processes, including:

  • Slowed heart rate: A lack of thyroid hormones can hinder the strength and speed of one’s heartbeat.
  • High cholesterol: An underactive thyroid can cause the liver to process blood slower, which can result in a build-up of cholesterol in the arteries.
  • Reduced metabolic functioning: Insufficient levels of thyroid hormones can lessen the rate at which food and drink are used as energy. 
  • Decreased body temperature: A slowed metabolism can lead to a drop in core body temperature, causing a person to feel persistently cold.
  • Digestive function: A slowed metabolism can cause constipation to occur.
  • Muscle pain and discomfort: Low levels of thyroid hormones can cause muscle weakness, aches, and cramping.
  • Decreased cognitive functioning: A slowed metabolism may cause symptoms of “brain fog,” including forgetfulness, tiredness, confusion, delayed reaction times, and difficulty concentrating.
  • Symptoms of depression : An underactive thyroid can cause similar symptoms to depression such as fatigue, social withdrawal, apathy, anxiousness, and irritability.

Because many of the symptoms of an underactive thyroid overlap with the symptoms of eating disorders, blood testing is typically necessary to diagnose low levels of thyroid hormones.

GETTING YOUR THYROID BACK ON TRACK

Individuals in eating disorder recovery can re-establish and maintain the health of their thyroid by increasing their caloric intake and restoring their body weight. In other words, once a person begins their recovery journey, their thyroid function tends to normalize, as with most processes in the body.

THRIVE’S INTEGRATED EATING DISORDER TREATMENT

Thrive offers expert-led eating disorder treatment that focuses on healing clients’ physical, mental, and emotional well-being. Reach out to us to learn more.

About the Author

Becky Barnett, PA-C — Thrive Reno Director of Primary Care Services

Becky Barnett, PA-C, has worked as a Physician Assistant for over 25 years with a primary focus on women’s health. She earned a bachelor’s degree from U.C. Riverside in 1991, and graduated from the College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific (now Western University of Health Sciences) as a Physician Assistant in 1995. She has worked in various venues including community health centers, residential mental health facilities, large HMO settings and private practices as she moved throughout California and then into Nevada in 2001. She is proud to represent the medical team of Thrive Wellness of Reno, and is thrilled to be a part of such an authentic and passionate group.

Becky has two sons who attend schools in the Washoe County School District. She enjoys taking weekend excursions into the various wonders Northern Nevada has to offer, going on cruises, and spending time with her friends and family.

By Sage Tippie 23 Apr, 2024
Spring Cleaning Benefits for Mental Health Spring is a time of new beginnings, change, and transitions, including in our homes. With the warmer weather kicking motivation into high gear, Spring can be a prime time to do a deep clean. Not only is a clean space aesthetically pleasing to the eyes, but it can also help to improve your mental health. Learn about how tidying up your space can also tidy up your thoughts below along with tips for cleaning when you’re struggling with your mental health. 4 Reasons Why Cleaning is Beneficial to Mental health 1.Decreased Stress Not only does an uncluttered space provide a sense of calm, but the physical act of cleaning can release feel-good endorphins, reducing feelings of stress and anxiety. As you cross tasks off your checklist, your body also releases Dopamine. Also known as the “happy hormone”, Dopamine provides a sense of accomplishment and pride that can promote motivation in other areas of our lives. 2. Improved Focus Studies have shown that an uncluttered space can also lead to an uncluttered mind. Your focus can be drawn away from important tasks by a chaotic, messy space. Research has also shown a connection between procrastination and clutter, as an unwillingness to tackle larger chores like cleaning can translate over into various areas of our lives. By keeping your space tidy, it can inspire you to stay on top of other major tasks like work and school assignments. 3. Regulated Emotions According to this 2015 study , cleaning can function as a practice in mindfulness, providing an increased sense of calm and inspiration. Slowing down while cleaning gives you room to relax and free your mind of burdens, stressors, and irritants that can affect your mental health. Cleaning can even be considered a practice of self-care as the action helps you to connect with yourself and the outcome allows you to better enjoy your own space. 4. Sense of Order and Control When experiencing mental health struggles, people may feel a lack of control over their lives and emotions. Cleaning even small areas of the home can provide an increased sense of order and control as you cross tasks off your to-do list. Through realizing your own power by simply completing minor tasks like cleaning, it can reaffirm your ability to do more. 10 Tips for Cleaning When Struggling with Mental Health Mental health struggles and disorders commonly create barriers to one’s ability to clean and properly practice personal hygiene. Although these behaviors are normal side effects of mental health disorders, we want to work to aid our clients in cleaning to the best of their ability even in difficult times. Below, Thrive Wellness occupational therapist Meadow Deason shares some helpful tips she gives to clients when they struggle with cleaning due to mental health conditions: 1.Ask For Help Having support to clean can make a huge difference. Do the cleaning with the person helping you and have them hold you accountable. 2. Don't Wait for Motivation Motivation might not come before action, but it can build as you begin to see the results of your efforts. 3. Start Small Start with one area or one task and go from there. For example, concentrate on your bedroom first and then move on to the living room and bathroom. 4. Do Something Daily Even if you do only one small cleaning task a day, doing that one task creates momentum and prevents small tasks from building up and becoming overwhelming. 5. Use Sensory Modulation Change your environment by playing music, adjusting the lighting, or using aromatherapy. This can help to put you in a new headspace for cleaning. 6. Start with "High Impact" Tasks Start with more intensive or all-over cleaning tasks such as picking up clutter or doing the dishes. The visual "noise" of some tasks makes a large impact on the entire space, building motivation to continue cleaning. 7. Make a To-Do List Write a detailed to-do list of tasks and cross them off as you go. Physically marking down what you’ve accomplished can promote increased motivation. 8. Reward Yourself Set up a reward system where you reward yourself with a favorite activity or item when you complete a task as an incentive to clean. 9. Use the Rocket Method Don't think about it, just choose a task, countdown from five or ten and then start. This can help you to avoid potential anxiety and dread that can prevent you from cleaning. 10. Gamify Tasks Make up a game for your tasks or time yourself to promote increased engagement in cleaning. Your ability to complete tasks can be affected by a multitude of different factors and conditions including OCD , anxiety, depression , ADHD , and more. If you are struggling with motivation due to your mental health, help is here at Thrive Wellness.
child getting bandaid from doctor while mother smiles
26 Mar, 2024
By serving the whole family, physicians are able to have a better understanding of family dynamics, family health care goals, and history of disease in the family.
By Lynn Carver 19 Dec, 2023
What is OCD? What other disorders are related to OCD?
More Posts

Start your healing journey today

NEXT STEPS

Are you ready to find hope? We can't wait to connect you with the care you need. To get started with us, please reach out using the link below.   

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Learn more →

Perinatal

Mental Health

Learn more →

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Learn more →

Perinatal

Mental Health

Learn more →
Share by: